Muscle atrophy is the wasting or loss of muscle mass and strength that occurs when muscle tissue decreases in size due to lack of physical activity, aging, injury, nerve damage, malnutrition, or certain medical conditions. It commonly develops when muscles are not regularly used, such as during prolonged bed rest, immobilization, or sedentary lifestyle. Symptoms may include muscle weakness, reduced mobility, fatigue, and visible shrinking of the affected muscles.
In some cases, muscle atrophy may result from neurological disorders that disrupt nerve signals to the muscles. Diagnosis is based on physical examination, medical history, and sometimes imaging or nerve studies. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and may include physical therapy, resistance exercises, proper nutrition, and rehabilitation programs to restore muscle strength and function.
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