Plantar fasciitis is a common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by inflammation and irritation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of connective tissue that supports the arch of the foot and connects the heel bone to the toes. It is commonly caused by repetitive strain, prolonged standing, excessive walking or running, obesity, improper footwear, or tight calf muscles. The condition typically presents with sharp heel pain, especially during the first steps in the morning or after periods of rest.
Pain may decrease with activity but can worsen after prolonged standing or exercise. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical examination and patient history. Treatment includes rest, stretching exercises, ice application, supportive footwear or orthotics, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and activity modification. Most patients improve with conservative management, although chronic cases may require more advanced interventions.
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