Pelvic floor dysfunction is a condition in which the muscles, ligaments, and connective tissues of the pelvic floor do not function properly, leading to difficulties with bladder, bowel, and reproductive organ support and control. The pelvic floor muscles are responsible for supporting pelvic organs and assisting with urinary and bowel function. Dysfunction may occur when these muscles become weak, tight, overactive, or uncoordinated due to factors such as childbirth, aging, surgery, chronic straining, obesity, injury, or prolonged stress.
Common symptoms include pelvic pain, urinary incontinence, constipation, difficulty emptying the bladder or bowels, painful intercourse, and a feeling of pelvic pressure or heaviness. Diagnosis is typically made through medical history, physical examination, and sometimes specialized pelvic floor testing. Treatment may include pelvic floor physical therapy, relaxation and strengthening exercises, biofeedback, lifestyle modifications, and medical management to improve muscle coordination and restore normal pelvic function.
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