What is red light therapy?

Red light therapy (RLT) is a treatment that uses low wavelength red light to reportedly improve your skin’s appearance, such as reducing wrinkles, scars, redness and acne. It’s also touted to deliver profound effects on a variety of other conditions such as arthritis, nerve pain, low energy, tendinopathies, musculoskeletal pain, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances and many more. Users report experiencing a wide range of things including improved cognitive function, attention, working memory, mood, motivation, wakefulness, and physical performance.

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The most common responses seem to be reports of pain reduction, enhanced cognitive function, and skin improvement and increased energy levels. Full-body photobiomodulation treatment exposes your entire body to the benefits of this therapy and helps promote cellular function throughout the body, both on a superficial skin level and deep within the body. Wavelengths used in our TheraLight Red Light Bed include red light 635nm and Near-Infrared light of 810nm, 850nm and 980nm. These light therapy wavelengths work so well with people because they are absorbed by water, and our bodies are made up of on average 55-60% water.

How did interest in red light therapy evolve?

NASA originally began experimenting with red light therapy on plant growth in space and then to help heal wounds in astronauts. Like many developments, other potential uses began to be investigated. In fact, red light therapy is already widely medically accepted in its use in Photodynamic therapy. In this therapy, low-power red laser light is used to activate a photosensitizer drug. The interaction creates a chemical reaction that destroys cells. It’s used to treat some skin conditions, including skin cancer and psoriasis, acne and warts and other types of cancer, pain and inflammation and tissue repair.

How it works:

Red light, at specific wavelengths, is readily absorbed by chromophores in the mitochondria of the body’s cells which activate metabolic energy processes. Red and Near-infrared wavelengths of light promote ATP production, which boost energy transport within the cells, leading to increased cell proliferation. This boost in the body’s natural healing cycle helps reduce inflammation and promotes healing of damaged tissue. Red light therapy is also referred to as photobiomodulation therapy because of the change in the body induced by light.

TheraLight light beds utilize red and near-infrared light for a full-body photobiomodulation experience that exposes the entire body to healing red light that jumpstarts natural healing processes and fights free radicals causing oxidative stress. [1]. Recently, stem cells have shown increased proliferation when irradiated with low-level laser therapy or Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT), which induces the activation of intracellular and extracellular chromophores and the initiation of cellular signaling. The findings of this review suggest that PBMT-based regenerative medicine could be a useful tool for future advances in tissue engineering and cell therapy. [19]

Benefits of Near-Infrared Light Therapy:

The human body experiences benefits from certain types of light therapy, including red and near-infrared light. The difference between the two… Near Infrared therapy uses light in the 800 to 1000 nm wavelength range, just outside the visible spectrum of light. Red therapy, however, is found within the visible spectrum. TheraLight light bed combines the two healing forms of light therapy. Below is an explanation of benefits of Near-Infrared therapy on the body:

  • Sleep & Mood
  • Skin Care
  • Wound & Scar Healing
  • Sports Performance
  • Reduce Pain & Inflammation

Skincare & Hair Benefits

Light in this range stimulates cellular energy that encourages the skin to renew and heal, improving the skin’s look, feel, and texture. NIR light helps the skin recover from injury and provides anti-aging benefits by reducing wrinkles and sagging while promoting elasticity, smoothness, and improved texture.

Photobiomodulation (low-level laser therapy) has also been studied for promoting hair regrowth and may play a significant role in treating conditions such as androgenic alopecia.

Weight Loss With Your Exercise Program

Red and NIR light therapy affects metabolic processes by targeting mitochondria and increasing ATP production, the molecule responsible for energy transport in the body.

This can increase metabolic rate, helping cells burn glucose more efficiently and contributing to fat loss. These treatments are best used alongside a healthy diet and exercise program.

Reduce Cellulite & Firm Skin

Cellulite appears as a dimpled or uneven skin texture due to weak connective tissue and fat deposits beneath the skin.

Red light therapy helps reduce the appearance of cellulite, improves circulation, and supports blood vessel health. Increased collagen production helps firm the skin, especially when combined with exercise and proper nutrition.

Pain

Low-level laser therapy can help treat musculoskeletal conditions such as back pain. Red and near-infrared light stimulate cellular activity, encouraging mitochondria to produce energy more efficiently.

This boosts healing by increasing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant production, helping speed up recovery.

Anti-Inflammatory

Excess inflammation caused by oxidative stress can lead to health issues. NIR therapy increases cellular energy and promotes blood vessel dilation, helping reduce inflammation and support tissue healing.

Injury Recovery

NIR light therapy supports healing of skin injuries and deeper tissue damage by increasing collagen production, accelerating wound healing, and minimizing scarring.

It also helps with sore muscles, joint pain, and repetitive injuries by enhancing the body’s natural healing processes.

Effects on the Brain

Red and NIR light stimulate mitochondrial activity, particularly affecting Cytochrome C Oxidase, which improves cellular energy production.

This enhances oxygenation, circulation, and metabolic activity while promoting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective responses.

Research suggests photobiomodulation may support neuron growth, improve brain function, and aid in recovery from neurological conditions.

Alzheimer’s & Dementia

Studies suggest NIR therapy may improve sleep, mood, cognitive function, memory, and attention in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

Parkinson’s Disease

Early studies indicate that PBMT may improve motor and cognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s disease, although more research is needed.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Photobiomodulation shows promise in improving symptoms of traumatic brain injuries, including better sleep, reduced headaches, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive function.

Depression and Anxiety

Light therapy has been shown to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, with some studies indicating improvements after just one treatment.

It may also improve sleep quality by increasing natural melatonin production and regulating circadian rhythms.

While research is ongoing, early findings suggest promising benefits for mental health and overall well-being.

This little guy and his tractor soaking up some healing red light after having his eye injured. His eye was swollen and red (and his tractor’s windshield was broken). He came running out saying “we’re all better!!!” The pain, swelling, redness and scratches responded quite rapidly after just 1 session in the bed and significant improvement after the 2nd session!

REFERENCES:

 
[1]. PMID: 24656472 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.02.006 Dent Mater  2014 May;30(5):465-75. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.02.006. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
[2] PMID: 24286286 PMCID: PMC3926176 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3616 Photomed Laser Surg  2014 Feb;32(2):93-100. doi: 10.1089/pho.2013.3616. Epub 2013 Nov 28.
[3]. PMID: 16414908 DOI: 10.1080/14764170500370059 J Cosmet Laser Ther  2005 Dec;7(3-4):196-200. doi: 10.1080/14764170500370059.
[4] PMID: 18425909 PMCID: PMC9044120 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005107.pub4 Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008 Apr 16;2008(2):CD005107.  doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005107.pub4.
[5] PMCID: PMC5523874 NIHMSID: NIHMS879874 PMID: 28748217 HHS Author Manuscripts PMC5523874 2017 May 19. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2017.3.337
[6] PMID: 25122099 DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000158 Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Dec;93(12):1073-85. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000158.
[7] PMCID: PMC3288797 NIHMSID: NIHMS339992 PMID: 22045511 Ann Biomed Eng. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 Feb 1.Published in final edited form as: Ann Biomed Eng. 2012 Feb; 40(2): 516–533. Published online 2011 Nov 2. doi: 10.1007/s10439-011-0454-7
[8Madison Hennessy Michael R Hamblin Affiliations PMID: 28580093  PMCID: PMC5448311 DOI: 10.1088/2040-8986/19/1/013003
[9Margaret A Naeser Anita SaltmarcheMaxine H KrengelMichael R HamblinJeffrey A Knight  Affiliations PMID: 21182447 PMCID: PMC3104287 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2010.2814
[10Marvin H Berman James P Halper Trent W Nichols H Jarrett Alan Lundy Jason H Huang Affiliations PMID: 28593105  PMCID: PMC5459322 DOI: 10.21767/2171-6625.1000176
[11] Eshaghi E, Sadigh-Eteghad S, et al. Transcranial photobiomodulation prevents anxiety and depression via changing serotonin and nitric oxide levels in brain of depression model mice: A study of three different doses of 810 nm laser. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2019 September.
[12] Salehpour F, Farajdokht F, et al. Near-infrared photobiomodulation combined with coenzyme Q10 for depression in a mouse model of restraint stress: reduction in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis. Brain Research Bulletin. 2019 January.
[13] Salehpour F, Rasta SH, et al. Therapeutic effects of 10-HzPulsed wave lasers in rat depression model: A comparison between near-infrared and red wavelengths. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2016 September.
[14] Morita T., Tokura H. “Effects of lights of different color temperature on the nocturnal changes in core temperature and melatonin in humans” Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 1996 September.

Additional References

Nutt1D, Wilson S, et al. Sleep disorders as core symptoms of depression. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 2008 September.
Vadnie C, and McClung C. Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Mood Disorders: Insights into the Role of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus. Neural Plasticity. 2017 November.
McClung C. How might circadian rhythms control mood? Let me count the ways. Biological Psychiatry. 2013 April.
The effect of red-to-near-infrared (R/NIR) irradiation on inflammatory processes
Tomasz Walski Krystyna Dąbrowska Anna Drohomirecka Natalia Jędruchniewicz Natalia Trochanowska-Pauk Wojciech Witkiewicz Małgorzata Komorowska 2
Affiliations PMID: 31170016  DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1625464
Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation
Michael R Hamblin Affiliations PMID: 28748217 PMCID: PMC5523874 DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2017.3.337
Mechanisms and Mitochondrial Redox Signaling in Photobiomodulation
Michael R Hamblin Affiliations PMID: 29164625 PMCID: PMC5844808 DOI: 10.1111/php.12864
Transcranial and systemic photobiomodulation for major depressive disorder: A systematic review of efficacy, tolerability and biological mechanisms
Marco A Caldieraro Paolo Cassano Affiliations PMID: 30248638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.048
[15] Novel Approach to Treating Androgenetic Alopecia in Females With Photobiomodulation (Low-Level Laser Therapy)
Shelly Friedman Patricia Schnoor  Affiliations PMID: 28328705 DOI: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000001114
[16] Low-Level Laser Therapy for Fat Layer Reduction: A Comprehensive Review
Pinar Avci, MD,1,2,3 Theodore T. Nyame, MD,4 Gaurav K. Gupta, MD, PhD,1,2 Magesh Sadasivam, MTech,1 and Michael R. Hamblin1,2,5,*
[17] New treatment of cellulite with infrared-LED illumination applied during high-intensity treadmill training
Fernanda Rossi Paolillo Audrey Borghi-SilvaNivaldo Antonio ParizottoCristina KurachiVanderlei Salvador Bagnato
Affiliations PMID: 21740089 DOI: 10.3109/14764172.2011.594065
[18] A Controlled Trial to Determine the Efficacy of Red and Near-Infrared Light Treatment in Patient Satisfaction, Reduction of Fine Lines, Wrinkles, Skin Roughness, and Intradermal Collagen Density Increase
Alexander Wunsch1 and Karsten Matuschka2
Photomed Laser Surg. 2014 Feb 1; 32(2): 93–100.  doi: 10.1089/pho.2013.3616 PMCID: PMC3926176 PMID: 24286286
[19] Biological Responses of Stem Cells to Photobiomodulation Therapy Khatereh Khorsandi Reza Hosseinzadeh Heidi Abrahamse Reza Fekrazad Affiliations PMID: 32013851 DOI: 10.2174/1574888X15666200204123722

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